STEP-1
14.9%
Clinicians & diligence · detailed sources
Full study catalogue, curated charts, PaperQA briefing, and needs-review queue. Patients should start on the plain-English data home.
STEP-1
14.9%
SURMOUNT-1
20%
RWE-DISC-12M
35%
PMID-41798487
22.2%
PMID-41938838
60%
PMID-41938838
23w
Trial N
4.6k
ollama/minimax-m3:cloud · 14 indexed papers
In 5 bullet points, summarize weight-loss % and discontinuation patterns across STEP-1, SURMOUNT-1, and any real-world discontinuation / regain studies in this corpus. Cite study short names.
Curated weight-loss vs post-stop regain
Mean weight loss %
Post-cessation regain %
Discontinuation (curated RWE)
Layman digest from curated anchors
~20 kg
In large clinical trials, average loss reached about 20% with Tirzepatide and 15% with Semaglutide. For someone starting at 100 kg, that’s roughly 20 kg vs 15 kg — if you stay on treatment.
SURMOUNT-1: ~20% @ W72 · STEP-1: ~14.9% @ W68
4/10
About 2 in 10 have stopped by week 12 (~3 months); closer to 4 in 10 by week 52 (~12 months). If that sounds like you, plan for support — not just a first prescription.
W12 ≈ 22% · W26 ≈ 20% · W52 ≈ 35%
BMI ↓
PCOS-specific SR/MA (PMID-42116999): GLP-1 RAs reduce BMI vs control (MD −1.09 kg/m²). That is not an obesity-trial peak WL% borrowed from STEP-1 — PCOS success is often metabolic and reproductive, not matching a multinational headline.
PMID-42116999 · vs obesity-trial peaks
22%
PMID-41798487 (tirzepatide in Indian adults with T2D, n=71): 22.2% discontinued by ~week 12 (~3 months), mainly GI intolerance and cost. ICMR template slots remain thin (0) — this named Indian RWE is the stronger local anchor in-catalogue today.
PMID-41798487 · 2 RCT · 2 RWE · 3 PubMed · 0 ICMR
Curated-only visualisations (former Data / Pitch surfaces)
−15 kg → 85 kg
STEP-1 · W68
−20 kg → 80 kg
SURMOUNT-1 · W72
2/10
2/10
4/10
Research-board synthesis from curated anchors
Curated anchors peak around 20.0% by ~W72 (SURMOUNT-1). Earlier weeks cluster lower.
Compare programmes to nearest-week curated WL%. PCOS anchors are more conservative than multinational STEP/SURMOUNT means.
W12 ≈ 22% mean disc. · W26 ≈ 20% mean disc. · W52 ≈ 35% mean disc.
Intensify adherence prompts before W26 and again toward W52. PubMed auto-extracts may inflate or conflict — verify before diligence packs.
7 studies · 2 curated/RCT-style · 2 RWE · 3 PubMed · 0 ICMR · 0 outcomes awaiting review.
Indian-specific / ICMR slots are still thin — fill from verified ICMR before treating local applicability as settled.
80 / 80 studies · full catalogue
A narrative review on tirzepatide's therapeutic potential in glycemic control and cardioprotection.
Tirzepatide, a dual glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist, represents a new class of incretin-based therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity,
Diabetes Remission in Drug-Naïve Patients with Type 2 Diabetes After Efsubaglutide Alfa Treatment.
Efsubaglutide alfa is a novel, long-acting GLP-1RA, which imparts human homology, molecular flexibility and enhanced GLP-1 receptor-specific binding. This drug-free, observational follow-up evaluated remission and durabi
A FIDELITY Analysis on Finerenone With SGLT-2i and GLP-1RA in CKD.
Finerenone demonstrated kidney and cardiovascular benefits in participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) on optimized renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibition in FIDELITY, a pooled individu
The future of PCOS management: Disease modification through regenerative, metabolic, and digital therapeutics.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents the leading endocrine problem affecting women of reproductive age, leading to serious complications related to reproduction, metabolism, and psychosocial aspects. Nonetheless,
Characterisation of real-world patients who discontinued a glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist.
The objective of this analysis was to identify the 6-month discontinuation rate for GLP-1 analogues, reasons for discontinuation, and characteristics associated with discontinuation. This was a retrospective analysis of
Is semaglutide a better weight-management option than bariatric surgery for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty?
BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery has been associated with increased risks of revision surgery following total knee arthroplasty (TKA), raising concerns about its safety for weight management in this population. Semaglutide,
Weight regain after bariatric surgery: A framework for management.
Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease. Rates of obesity are rising worldwide. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for obesity, as it results in the greatest weight loss as well as significant improve
Trends in 1-year persistence and adherence among initiators of high-potency, weight loss-indicated glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists.
Despite the clinical efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) for weight loss, real-world persistence remains substantially lower than seen in clinical trials. Since 2021, GLP-1RA shortages and ch
Efficacy and Safety of Once-Weekly IcoSema Versus Once-Daily IDegLira in People with Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Literature Review and Network Meta-analysis.
For people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), combination therapy with a basal insulin and a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) can improve glycaemic control, lower hypoglycaemia risk, and improv
Efficacy and safety of once-daily oral orforglipron compared with oral semaglutide in adults with type 2 diabetes (ACHIEVE-3): a multinational, multicentre, non-inferiority, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial.
Orforglipron is a novel non-peptide (GLP-1) receptor agonist designed for daily oral administration without food or water restrictions. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of orforglipron with oral semagl
Post-sleeve gastrectomy weight loss: Role of botulinum toxin and semaglutide injections.
Comparison of the therapeutic effects of endoscopic botulinum toxin (BTX) injection and semaglutide (SME) injection in treatment of patients with obesity and weight regain after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). The
Real-World Evidence of Tirzepatide in Indian Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Significant Early Glycemic and Cardiometabolic Benefits.
Multicenter Indian RWE (n=71): HbA1c −1.8%, weight −5.7% at 12 weeks; discontinuation 22.2% mainly GI intolerance and cost.
Prevalence and Predictors of Hair Shedding among GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Users: A Cross-Sectional Study from Saudi Arabia.
Although glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) demonstrate remarkable efficacy for weight management, emerging pharmacovigilance data suggest an increased hair loss risk, particularly with newer agents. T
Obesity Treatments and Weight Changes in Clinical Practice After Discontinuation of Semaglutide or Tirzepatide.
To describe obesity treatments in real-world settings after discontinuation of semaglutide or tirzepatide and variability in weight change post-discontinuation. This retrospective cohort study used electronic health reco
A qualitative study exploring experiences about using semaglutide for weight loss in a rural setting in Denmark - 'she is probably on the meds'.
Semaglutide has gained attention for its efficacy in weight loss. However, little is known about patients' experiences. This study explores patient experiences with using Semaglutide for weight loss (SEMA-WL) in a rural
Clinical Management of Weight Regain and Cardiometabolic Consequences After Discontinuation of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and dual incretin therapies produce substantial weight loss and cardiometabolic improvement, yet treatment discontinuation is common and associated with adverse metabo
Resistant and Refractory Obesity: The Complexity of Anti-Obesity Therapy Failure.
Pharmacotherapy is a key component of obesity management, yet treatment failure remains a prevalent challenge in clinical practice. Such failure may present as insufficient pharmacological response, early discontinuation
New Drugs on the Block: Dietary Management and Nutritional Considerations During the Use of Anti-Obesity Medication.
Incretin-based pharmacotherapy has rapidly transformed obesity management. However, despite its efficacy, gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events (AEs) are common and represent a major driver of treatment discontinuation. S
Weight Regain After GLP-1-Based Therapy Discontinuation: Failure, Physiology, or Follow-Up Gap.
The introduction of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and dual incretin agonists targeting both the GIP and GLP-1 receptors (GIP/GLP-1 dual agonists) has reshaped obesity management, approaching degre
Childhood obesity and cardiac risk in youth: Emerging challenges toward 2050.
Pediatric obesity is increasing at an alarming rate, affecting over 381 million children worldwide and emerging as a critical public health issue. According to World Health Organization (WHO) 2016, 40% of adults are over
Weight Loss With GLP-1 Agonists in Nondiabetic Adults: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
Two glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) (semaglutide and liraglutide) and one dual agonist (tirzepatide) are FDA-approved for weight loss in adults with obesity without type 2 diabetes mellitus. This sy
Trajectory of weight regain after cessation of GLP-1 receptor agonists: a systematic review and nonlinear meta-regression.
SR/MA: 60% of lost weight regained at 1 year; half-life 23 weeks; extrapolated plateau 75.3% beyond 52 weeks.
Real-World Clinical Evidence of Tirzepatide for Metabolic Abnormalities in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes: The Multicenter Retrospective Observational Hokkaido-TZP Study.
Tirzepatide has demonstrated potent glucose-lowering efficacy and metabolic benefits in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Phase III clinical trials. However, its efficacy in real-world clinical practice, particularl
Real-world weight impact upon tirzepatide discontinuation at a single-center endocrinology clinic in patients with overweight or obesity.
Overweight and obesity are major contributors to cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) disease. Tirzepatide (TZP-MJ), originally approved for type 2 diabetes (T2D), has shown significant weight loss beyond glycemic impro
Preferred Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Established Cardiovascular Disease or High Cardiovascular Risk: A Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials.
The comparative cardiovascular (CV) efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and established cardiovascular disease (CVD) or high CV risk remain
Weight "regain" in obesity shifts responsibility from biology to personal inadequacy.
Weight "regain" in obesity shifts responsibility from biology to personal inadequacy.
Reversion to normoglycemia with tirzepatide vs semaglutide in participants with obesity and prediabetes: a post hoc analysis of SURMOUNT-5.
BACKGROUND: Prevention of progression into type 2 diabetes (T2D) in patients with prediabetes is a key goal of obesity management. In SURMOUNT-5, once weekly tirzepatide at the maximum tolerated dose (MTD 10 mg or 1
Cost-effectiveness of tirzepatide versus semaglutide for patients with obesity or overweight in the US: evidence from the SURMOUNT-5 head-to-head phase-3 trial.
This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness (from the United States [US] societal perspective) of tirzepatide at its maximum-tolerated-dose (MTD) compared to semaglutide (MTD), both administered adjunct to a reduced-calo
Clinical outcomes of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist therapy in kidney transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Metabolic complications after kidney transplantation (KT) significantly affect graft and patient survival. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) offer cardio-renal benefits in the general population, but e
Enhancing economic modelling in obesity: integrating novel type 2 diabetes progression & obstructive sleep apnea remission - a UK case study.
This study presents an updated health economic model for evaluating the long-term cost-effectiveness of interventions in overweight and obesity, integrating new clinical evidence from the SURMOUNT clinical trial programm
Sequential Intragastric Balloon Followed By GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Therapy in Obesity: A Comparative Study of 12-Month Weight Loss Outcomes.
BACKGROUND: Endoscopic and pharmacological therapies are well-established non-surgical options for obesity management. Although combined use of intragastric balloon (IGB) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GL
Real-World Comparison of Short-Term Adverse Events, Treatment Persistence, and Efficacy of Semaglutide and Tirzepatide: A Nationwide Multicenter Study.
Real-world data directly comparing the safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of semaglutide and tirzepatide in patients with obesity remain limited. This nationwide multicenter observational study compared short-term a
Six-Month Real-World Effectiveness, Persistence and Safety of Low-to-Moderate Dose Tirzepatide in Adults With Obesity: A Multicentre Observational Study.
To evaluate 6-month weight-loss outcomes, treatment persistence, and safety of low- to moderate-dose tirzepatide in a real-world clinical setting. This multicentre retrospective observational study evaluated adults with
[Tirzepatide in real-world clinical practice: changes in body composition and muscle function in patients with obesity].
obesity is a chronic and relapsing disease. Tirzepatide, a dual GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonist, has demonstrated weight loss exceeding 20 % at higher doses. However, real-world data remain limited, particularly regarding
Indirect Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Tirzepatide Versus Oral Semaglutide for the Treatment of Overweight and Obesity.
Tirzepatide, an injectable glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist (RA), is approved for weight management in several regions. Oral GLP-1 RAs, such as semag
Semaglutide in obesity and type 2 diabetes: A review of clinical trial evidence from 1 to 5 semaglutide treatment effect in people with obesity program.
Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are widespread health concerns that often coexist, contributing to increased cardiometabolic risks and premature death. Despite advancements in both lifestyle interventions and
Data-driven prioritization of high-risk individuals for weight loss interventions.
New obesity medications have demonstrated efficacy in trials, but their real-world deployment is partly limited by the absence of approaches that identify individuals for treatment based on risks for obesity-related comp
Tirzepatide-associated interstitial kidney injury.
We report a case of interstitial nephritis, likely secondary to tirzepatide. A 66-year-old man with type 2 diabetes, stage 3b chronic kidney disease, and other metabolic comorbidities experienced a progressive decline in
Pharmacological therapy in the obese patient: is it only a matter of fat loss?
Obesity is a chronic, multifactorial condition strongly associated with increased cardiovascular and metabolic risk, as well as the development of systemic complications. Recent evidence from randomized controlled trials
Effect of Tirzepatide on Health-Related Quality of Life in Japanese Patients With Obesity Disease: Patient-Reported Outcomes From the SURMOUNT-J Study.
We evaluated the impact of tirzepatide on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in Japanese individuals with obesity disease from the phase 3 SURMOUNT-J trial. Japanese adults with obesity disease without diabetes were
Kidney outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists in people with type 2 diabetes already receiving SGLT2 inhibitors: a target trial emulation study using UK primary care data.
Type 2 diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure and is predominantly managed in primary care. Large randomised trials have shown that GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors each slow kidney disease progressi
Effectiveness of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.
18 RCTs: GLP-1 RAs reduced BMI vs control (MD −1.09 kg/m²). PCOS metabolic endpoints — not STEP-1 obesity-trial WL%.
Tirzepatide for maintenance of bodyweight reduction in people with obesity in the USA (SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.
Obesity treatment improves long-term health and quality of life outcomes. Weight reduction and its maintenance play an important role in achieving these goals. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of continuing tirzepati
Orforglipron for maintenance of body weight reduction: the double-blind, randomized phase 3b ATTAIN-MAINTAIN trial.
Incretins have improved the management of obesity and its related complications, but maintaining these health benefits requires ongoing administration, which can be challenging. Orforglipron, a once-daily oral nonpeptide
GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Combination Therapy Before and After Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: A Review of Outcomes.
The paradigm of obesity treatment is rapidly evolving with the introduction and widespread adoption of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs). Semaglutide, the representative agent, has demonstrated substa
Decoding the hallmarks of GLP-1RA weight-loss super-responders.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have reshaped obesity treatment, yet weight-loss outcomes remain highly uneven in real-world care. Using a federated biomedical platform, we analyzed 135 349 indi
GLP-1 receptor agonists and surgical care: implications for bariatric Procedures, perioperative Outcomes, and nutritional optimization.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are increasingly used for obesity and type 2 diabetes and are now frequently encountered in patients undergoing bariatric and other elective surgeries. Their effects o
DUAL GIP/GLP-1Ra reduces residual proteinuria in non-diabetic fabry disease.
Residual proteinuria remains a major determinant of renal disease progression in Fabry disease (FD) despite optimized enzyme replacement or chaperone therapy and maximal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade. Dual gluc
Comment on Sattar et al. Weight Reduction With Tirzepatide Varied Meaningfully by Baseline HbA1c Category in Adults With Overweight or Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in SURMOUNT-2. Diabetes Care 2025;48:e136-e137.
Comment on Sattar et al. Weight Reduction With Tirzepatide Varied Meaningfully by Baseline HbA1c Category in Adults With Overweight or Obesity and Type 2 Diabet
Weight trajectories after last tirzepatide or semaglutide prescription across a federated health network.
GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) discontinuation has been associated with weight regain. However, weight trajectories following the last documented GLP-1RA prescription in the real-world clinical setting have not been ex
ICER report demonstrates both the value and challenges in financing of weight loss medications.
Two out of 5 US adults live with obesity, generating substantial clinical and economic burden. Recent glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), including semaglutide and tirzepatide, demonstrate significant
Causes and consequences of discontinuation of GLP1RAs or tirzepatide.
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) receptor (GLP1R) agonists and tirzepatide, a dual GLP1R and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor agonist, have become fundamental in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM
Projected reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events among high-risk U.S. adults with type 2 diabetes eligible for oral semaglutide: a SOUL trial-based analysis using NHANES (1988-2018) cycles.
BACKGROUND: Oral semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), has been shown to reduce major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in high-risk individuals with type 2 diabetes in the SOUL trial. It
To Reenvision and Redefine: Considering the Role of Lifestyle Interventions in the New Era of Second-Generation Obesity Management Medications.
This narrative review examines lifestyle considerations before, during, and after second-generation obesity management medication (OMM) treatment. Second-generation OMMs, including semaglutide and tirzepatide, have demon
Tirzepatide data: safety first is safety always!
Tirzepatide, a dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist, offers unprecedented efficacy for type 2 diabetes and obesity. Due to its rapid global adoption, understanding its complete safety spectrum is urgently needed to guide
Lifestyle First and Lifestyle Always, Does Not Mean Lifestyle Only: Reimagining Cardiometabolic Care in the Era of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists.
The rapid uptake of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), including semaglutide and tirzepatide, has transformed the management of obesity, diabetes, and cardiometabolic disease, producing substantial we
Insulin Sensitivity and Beta Cell Function With Macupatide Alone or With Dulaglutide in Type 2 Diabetes: A Phase 1b, Randomised Controlled Trial.
This Phase 1b, randomised, double-blind clinical trial investigated the contribution of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) to insulin sensitivity and secretion in peopl
Rates of, Reasons for, and Reactions to Discontinuation of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: A Narrative Review.
GLP-1RAs are increasingly used for their glucose-lowering and weight-management effects, but many patients discontinue them. In this narrative review we aim to review real-world, quantitative and qualitative GLP-1RA disc
Tirzepatide for Recurrent Weight Gain after Bariatric Procedures: Real-World Evidence of Efficacy and Safety.
Recurrent weight gain after bariatric surgery (BS) or endoscopic bariatric therapy (EBT) remains a long-term clinical challenge, potentially undermining long-term treatment success. Tirzepatide, a dual agonist of the glu
Patient Experiences With GLP-1 Receptor Agonists.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are transformational therapies in the treatment of obesity; yet discontinuation rates are high, and patients experience rapid weight regain after stopping treatment.
Dose-Response and Clinical Equivalence of Semaglutide and Tirzepatide for Weight Loss in Type 2 Diabetes: A Model-Based Analysis.
Semaglutide and tirzepatide are highly effective incretin-based therapies for weight reduction in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, direct comparisons across the full range of clinically relevant dos
Retrospective Comparative Study of Oral Versus Subcutaneous Semaglutide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Semaglutide represents a unique therapeutic option for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), being the first and currently only glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) available in both subcutaneous a
Nutrition-First Support for GLP-1 and Dual Incretin Therapy in Obesity: A Practical Framework for Dietary Management, Symptom Tolerability, and Long-Term Weight Maintenance.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)/GLP-1 receptor agonists have transformed obesity treatment, producing substantial weight loss during active
Impact of Preoperative Semaglutide Discontinuation Timing on Postoperative Outcomes in Aesthetic Abdominoplasty: A Retrospective Comparative Study.
The widespread adoption of GLP-1 receptor agonists such as semaglutide for weight loss has led to an increasing number of non-diabetic patients seeking body contouring procedures after pharmacologic weight reduction. How
Post hoc analysis of SURMOUNT-J: tirzepatide versus placebo and predicted 10-year cardiovascular disease risk in Japanese adults with obesity disease.
Obesity management is central to reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. In the phase 3 SURMOUNT-J trial, tirzepatide significantly reduced body weight and improved cardiometabolic parameters versus placebo in Japane
Effectiveness of tirzepatide in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes but no obesity: A sub-analysis of Hokkaido-TZP study data.
Although tirzepatide efficaciously reduces glucose concentrations and weight, phase 3 trials evaluated patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥23 kg/m2. Consequently, clinical evidence in patients with type
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonist Treatment After Liver Transplantation: A Hypothesis-Generating Case Report.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RAs) are widely used for the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity, yet their safety profile in liver transplant recipients remains insufficiently characterized. W
Tirzepatide for Obesity in Adults ≥ 65 Years: A Post Hoc Analysis of the SURMOUNT and SUMMIT Clinical Trials.
Tirzepatide is a once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonist (RA) approved for weight management in adults with obesity. Data on older adults remain
GLP1 receptor agonists in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) - beyond weight loss: a condensed scientific review.
More than half of cases of heart failure (HF) now occur with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), a heterogeneous syndrome strongly influenced by comorbidities such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes and atrial fibrillat
Weight-Lowering Drugs and Natural Female Fertility-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Overweight and obesity are global health concerns linked to impaired female fertility. Weight-lowering drugs are an alternative for achieving weight loss; however, their effect on natural female fertility is unclear. A s
A Computational Trial of Dermal Mechanotransduction in GLP-1 Receptor Agonist-Associated Premature Facial Ageing.
The efficacy of non-invasive ultrasound skin tightening (e.g., Sofwave) relies on fibroblast mechanotransduction, a process impaired in obesity. The widespread use of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) like semaglutide f
Tirzepatide and the Cardiovascular Continuum: Metabolic, Cardiorenal and Heart Failure Evidence.
Tirzepatide is a first-in-class, once-weekly dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for type 2 diabetes and obesity. Given the tight link between hyperglycemia, adiposity, and cardiovascular disease, tirzepatide ha
Long-term effects of weight-reducing drugs in people with hypertension.
Long-term weight management drugs have the potential to reduce body weight and blood pressure in obese or overweight individuals. Being overweight or obese is often associated with hypertension, which is linked to an inc
Effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists at doses for obesity management on muscle health: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
7 RCTs (n=821): absolute lean mass −1.74 kg; lean mass as % of total weight +1.81%. Nutrition + resistance training recommended.
Adjunctive Dulaglutide in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Open-Label Proof-of-Concept Trial.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to demyelination, axonal injury, and progressive disability. Glucagon-like peptide&#
Short- and long-term effects of semaglutide 2.4 mg on energy intake, appetite, and food reward: a 60-week, double-blind randomized controlled trial.
Studies of ≤20 wk have demonstrated reductions in energy intake, appetite, and food reward with semaglutide that may drive initial weight loss. These brief studies could not assess whether semaglutide has long-ter
Perinatal Semaglutide Treatment Improves Maternal Health and Mitigates Offspring Metabolic Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Maternal Obesity.
Early-life exposures during critical periods of development significantly impact lifelong metabolic risk and likely contribute to the rising rates of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatot
Obesity Management Pharmacotherapies and Lifestyle Treatment for Pediatric Obesity Management: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
Pediatric obesity is a global health challenge. Although health behavior and lifestyle treatment (HBLT) is foundational, the comparative effectiveness of HBLT, various pharmacotherapies, and their combinations remains un
Dual Glucagon and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Survodutide Improves Biomarkers of Beta-Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity in People With Type 2 Diabetes or Living With Overweight/Obesity.
This post hoc analysis evaluated the effect of survodutide on beta-cell function, insulin sensitivity, and glucose biomarkers in two phase 2 trial populations. Trial 1404-0002 randomised 413 participants with type 2 diab
Experience with Tirzepatide and Weight Management During and After a Clinical Trial in Japanese Patients with Obesity Disease: A Qualitative Study.
The phase 3 SURMOUNT-J clinical trial showed that Japanese adults with obesity disease achieved clinically meaningful body weight loss with once-weekly tirzepatide for 72 weeks. The primary objective of the pre
Cureus 2026 — Real-world tirzepatide in Indian adults with T2D (PMID 41798487)
EClinicalMedicine 2026 — Trajectory of weight regain after GLP-1RA cessation (PMID 41938838)
Cureus 2026 — GLP-1 RAs in PCOS systematic review & meta-analysis (PMID 42116999)
Int J Obes 2026 — GLP-1 RAs at obesity doses and muscle health SR/MA (PMID 42321502)
Illustrative RWE discontinuation composite (~20%/~35% at 6/12 months) — replace with named RWE before diligence; Indian RWE also curated as PMID-41798487
Jastreboff et al., NEJM 2022 (SURMOUNT-1) — illustrative anchor
Wilding et al., NEJM 2021 (STEP 1) — illustrative anchor for mean WL%
Weighted / simple averages from curated outcomes
| Metric | W | Drug | Programme | Weighted | Simple | Sources | N |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI mean difference vs control | 0 | any_glp1 | pcos_reversal | -1.09kg/m2 | -1.09kg/m2 | 1 | — |
| auto:discontinuation_pct | 12 | tirzepatide | any | 22.2% | 22.2% | 1 | 71 |
| discontinuation_pct | 26 | any_glp1 | any | 20% | 20% | 1 | — |
| discontinuation_pct | 52 | any_glp1 | any | 35% | 35% | 1 | — |
| Absolute lean-mass change | 0 | any_glp1 | any | -1.74kg | -1.74kg | 1 | — |
| Regain half-life | 23 | any_glp1 | any | 23weeks | 23weeks | 1 | — |
| weight_loss_pct | 12 | semaglutide | weight_loss | 10% | 10% | 1 | 1961 |
| weight_loss_pct | 12 | tirzepatide | weight_loss | 8% | 8% | 1 | 2539 |
| weight_loss_pct | 20 | semaglutide | weight_loss | 11% | 11% | 1 | 1961 |
| weight_loss_pct | 24 | tirzepatide | weight_loss | 12.5% | 12.5% | 1 | 2539 |
| weight_loss_pct | 28 | semaglutide | weight_loss | 12% | 12% | 1 | 1961 |
| weight_loss_pct | 36 | tirzepatide | weight_loss | 15% | 15% | 1 | 2539 |
| weight_loss_pct | 52 | semaglutide | weight_loss | 14% | 14% | 1 | 1961 |
| weight_loss_pct | 52 | tirzepatide | weight_loss | 18% | 18% | 1 | 2539 |
| weight_loss_pct | 68 | semaglutide | weight_loss | 14.9% | 14.9% | 1 | 1961 |
| weight_loss_pct | 72 | tirzepatide | weight_loss | 20% | 20% | 1 | 2539 |
| Weight regained of prior loss | 12 | any_glp1 | any | 30% | 30% | 1 | — |
| Weight regained of prior loss | 23 | any_glp1 | any | 50% | 50% | 1 | — |
| Weight regained of prior loss | 52 | any_glp1 | any | 60% | 60% | 1 | — |
| Extrapolated regain plateau | 78 | any_glp1 | any | 75.3% | 75.3% | 1 | — |
Auto-extracted % from PubMed / ICMR stubs — verify before diligence (47 flagged)
| Study | Metric | W | Value | Drug | Snippet |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICMR-TEMPLATE-DISC | 12mo discontinuation rate (template) | 52 | 28% | any_glp1 | Replace this row with real ICMR numbers before diligence use |
| ICMR-TEMPLATE-WL | 12mo mean weight loss % (template) | 52 | 8.5% | semaglutide | Replace this row with real ICMR numbers |
| PMID-42484967 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 14% | any_glp1 | Treatment discontinuation was 14% with GLP1-RA and 20% with SGLT2i (HR 0. |
| PMID-42457543 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 5.2% | tirzepatide | Of patients in the safety analysis set, 11 (5.2%) discontinued treatment because of adverse events |
| PMID-42424303 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 33% | semaglutide | Compared to Wegovy, the hazard of discontinuation was 33% lower for Zepbound (hazard ratio [HR]: |
| PMID-42417199 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 20% | any_glp1 | High discontinuation rates (20%-50% within 1 year) and prior GLP-1 RA e |
| PMID-42495930 | auto:weight_regain_pct | 52 | 14.3% | semaglutide | By 2 years, weight regain was less frequent in the DEAR group (14.3%) than in the semaglutide (55.6%) |
| PMID-42472282 | auto:weight_loss_pct | 52 | 2.95% | any_glp1 | 0 mg was -1.09% (-1.32 to -0.86) and in body weight was -2.95% (-3.94 to -1.95). Adverse events were p |
| PMID-42447181 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 32% | semaglutide | cts, 46.0% reported weight regain after discontinuation, and 32.0% used these medications without medical |
| PMID-42447181 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 46% | semaglutide | users, 62.0% experienced side effects, 46.0% reported weight regain after discontinuation, and 32.0% used these medications witho |
| PMID-42447181 | auto:weight_regain_pct | 52 | 32% | semaglutide | xperienced side effects, 46.0% reported weight regain after discontinuation, and 32.0% used these medications without medical |
| PMID-42447181 | auto:weight_loss_pct | 52 | 62% | semaglutide | rted using antidiabetic medications for weight loss, primarily semaglutide. Among users, 62.0% experienced side effects, 46.0% reporte |
| PMID-42417199 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 20% | semaglutide | dose attainment is accounted for. High discontinuation rates (20%-50% within 1 year) and prior GLP-1 RA e |
| PMID-42169198 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 15.5% | semaglutide | ubgroups. At 50% uptake, and assuming a 15.5% discontinuation rate as observed in the SOUL trial, an |
| PMID-42017027 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 20% | any_glp1 | mild gastrointestinal intolerance (10%-20%), with rare discontinuations and no increased risk of hypoglycemia, |
| PMID-41713959 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 26.8% | semaglutide | GLP-1 therapy. Common reasons for GLP-1 discontinuation included: 26.8% with an adverse drug reaction (ADR), 14 |
| PMID-41713959 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 31.7% | semaglutide | re 1374 patients included, of whom 436 (31.7%) discontinued GLP-1 therapy. Common reasons for GLP-1 |
| PMID-41498879 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 60% | any_glp1 | ts were enrolled; at 3 months post-discontinuation, the diabetes remission rate was 60% (12/20). The probabilities of maintaini |
| PMID-41498879 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 7% | any_glp1 | PER-1 with HbA1c ≤ 7.0% discontinued all glucose-lowering therapy and entere |
| PMID-42163990 | auto:weight_regain_pct | 52 | 26.2% | semaglutide | 1-RA prescription than among those with weight regain (26.2% vs. 14.7%; P = .04). Furt |
| PMID-42147968 | auto:weight_loss_pct | 52 | 5% | semaglutide | ied them as "super responders" (>15% weight loss), "moderate responders" (5%-15% weight loss), "minimal weight-loss |
| PMID-42060800 | auto:weight_loss_pct | 52 | 15% | semaglutide | utide's ability to maintain significant weight loss (~15%) and improve metabolic health over a 2- |
| PMID-42037110 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 20% | tirzepatide | en (p = 0.042). Treatment discontinuation occurred in 20% of patients, most commonly during the t |
| PMID-42037110 | auto:weight_loss_pct | 52 | 94.2% | tirzepatide | 09;months of therapy. Median percentage weight loss was substantial, with 94.2% achieving ≥ 5% weight los |
| PMID-42037110 | auto:weight_loss_pct | 52 | 77.9% | tirzepatide | with 94.2% achieving ≥ 5% weight loss, 77.9% ≥ 10%, 47.1% ≥ |
| PMID-41962807 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 6.7% | tirzepatide | hieving a mean body weight reduction of 6.7%. The most common reason for TZP-MJ discontinuation was because of medication access relate |
| PMID-41962807 | auto:weight_loss_pct | 52 | 6.7% | tirzepatide | r a mean of 11 months, achieving a mean body weight reduction of 6.7%. The most common reason for TZP-MJ disc |
| PMID-41889156 | auto:weight_regain_pct | 52 | 60% | any_glp1 | inuation is associated with substantial weight regain (60%-90% within one year) and parallel rever |
| PMID-41816857 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 19.6% | semaglutide | le) were identified. During 1-year post-discontinuation, 19.6% restarted the index medication and 35.2 |
| PMID-41816857 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 8.4% | semaglutide | rcentage weight change from baseline to discontinuation was -8.4% [95% CI, -8.7%, -8.1%] when treating ob |
| PMID-41799300 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 63.6% | semaglutide | with <5%, p = 0.002), and medication discontinuation (63.6% vs. 40% in non-shedders, p = 0.013). Mu |
| PMID-41799300 | auto:discontinuation_pct | 52 | 37.7% | semaglutide | cited hair shedding as their reason for discontinuation, although 37.7% reported resolution after stopping trea |
| PMID-41799300 | auto:weight_loss_pct | 52 | 82.7% | semaglutide | males, p = 0.009), greater magnitude of weight loss (82.7% prevalence with ≥15% weight loss |
| PMID-41799300 | auto:weight_loss_pct | 52 | 40% | semaglutide | loss (82.7% prevalence with ≥15% weight loss vs. 40% with <5%, p = 0.002), and medication |
| PMID-41799300 | auto:weight_loss_pct | 52 | 15.9% | semaglutide | on after stopping treatment. The median weight loss was 15.9% [IQR 8.69-22.5], with 53.3% achieving & |
| PMID-41496949 | auto:weight_loss_pct | 52 | 20% | tirzepatide | ed hemoglobin (HbA1c) by up to 2.5% and body weight by more than 20%. It also improved cardiovascular risk f |
| PMID-42419792 | auto:weight_loss_pct | 52 | 14.9% | semaglutide | gh certainty evidence shows substantial weight loss with tirzepatide (mean difference -14.9%, 95% confidence interval -16.0% to -13. |
| PMID-42487213 | auto:weight_loss_pct | 52 | 95% | tirzepatide | produced an 18.04% greater reduction in body weight versus placebo (95% CI -19.86 to -16.22; p <  |
| PMID-42487213 | auto:weight_loss_pct | 52 | 18.16% | tirzepatide | 01, I2 = 77%). Percentage weight loss appeared comparable between Asian (-18.16%) and non-Asian (-17.92%) trials (p  |
| PMID-42334799 | auto:weight_loss_pct | 52 | 75.9% | tirzepatide | % had positive feelings associated with body weight loss, and 75.9% expressed willingness to continue drug |
Public / published research only — no patient PII. Auto-extracted PubMed and ICMR template rows may have needs_review=true; verify before diligence.